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Elaine Rubin wrote:
Is it acceptable to use window screen material for the walls
of the succah, or must it be material through which one cannot
see?
Dear Elaine Rubin,
First, thanks for letting us 'screen' your question. Did you
hear about the man who ran through a screen door? He strained
himself.
The halachic definition of a 'wall' is different than Webster's
definition. Halachically, a wall can have a gap of up to three
tefachim (handbreadths) and still be valid. This is based
on a concept called 'lavud.' Lavud means that we
consider any gap of less than three tefachim as though
it's connected.
But the laws of lavud are complex. Therefore, the custom
is to use full walls, and not to rely on lavud.
However, a screen is a valid wall, even without appealing to
the concept of lavud. Since it has wires running both
horizontally and vertically, it is a full-fledged wall in it's
own right. So screens, although 'holey,' are valid succah walls.
Walls that sway with the breeze are invalid. Therefore, you
have to fasten the screens tight so they don't sway. (If they
sway in a very gusty wind, that's OK.)
Your succah may not be the most private place (unless you hang
curtains in front of the screens) but it's valid.
Story: A thief once took advantage of a crack in a succah wall,
to reach in and steal a pair of silver candle sticks. When the
incident came to the attention of the Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinsky,
zatzal, he remarked that thief must have been an am
ha'aretz - someone ignorant of Jewish law. "A Torah
Scholar could never have done such a thing," jested the rabbi.
"Knowing the din of lavud (that the halacha considers
a break smaller than three handbreadths as though it is sealed),
a Torah Scholar would never have been able get his hand through!
Sources:
- Succah 7a
- Succah 16a and Tosafot D.H. "B'pachot"
- Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 630:5, Rema ibid., Mishna Berurah
28
- Eruvin 16b
- Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 630:10
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